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| 法律法規(guī)文件開場白英語翻譯

 第一條 為加強(qiáng)市容和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生管理,創(chuàng)造和維護(hù)整潔、優(yōu)美的市容環(huán)境,保障人民身體健康,促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)文明進(jìn)步,根據(jù)有關(guān)法律、法規(guī),結(jié)合本市實(shí)際情況,制定本條例。(摘自天津市市容和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生管理?xiàng)l例)
 
 
 
    開場白一般有四個(gè)雷打不動(dòng)的組成部分。即“為了”、“根據(jù)”、“結(jié)合”、“制定”。根據(jù)英語行文特點(diǎn),應(yīng)該先翻“制定”,These Regulations are enacted (formulated),一般formulate用的多些,從英語詞義分析,enact似乎更加準(zhǔn)確些。有學(xué)者主張把enact與formulate一起用上。準(zhǔn)確是準(zhǔn)確了,但是畢竟顯得有點(diǎn)兒累贅。下面是譯文:
 
 
 
    Article 1  These Regulations are enacted in accordance with pertinent laws and regulations and in light of the concrete conditions of this Municipality, with the purpose of strengthening the administration of cityscape and environmental sanitation, creating and maintaining a clean, beautiful cityscape and environment, protecting people’s health, promoting economic growth, civilization and progress of society.
 
 
 
    還有三處小地方需要說明一下。
 
    1. 條例也可以用單數(shù)。
 
    2. “條例”與“本市”大寫的目的是為了醒目、突出,并與本條例中提到的另外一些條例加以區(qū)別。
 
    3. With the purpose of 或者with the aim to 后邊都應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞+ing的形式。
 
 
 
    在開場白中,往往還有一些關(guān)鍵名詞的解釋,實(shí)施本法的范圍以及負(fù)責(zé)單位的任命等項(xiàng)內(nèi)容,F(xiàn)分別說明如下:
 
    關(guān)鍵名詞解釋:
 
    第三條  本條例所稱的勞動(dòng)和社會(huì)保障(以下簡稱勞動(dòng)保障)監(jiān)察,是指勞動(dòng)保障行政部門依法對(duì)用人單位和勞動(dòng)者、就業(yè)服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)、醫(yī)療服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)遵守勞動(dòng)保障法律、法規(guī)的情況進(jìn)行監(jiān)督檢查,對(duì)違反勞動(dòng)保障法律、法規(guī)的行為依法進(jìn)行處理的行政執(zhí)法活動(dòng)。(摘自《天津市勞動(dòng)和社會(huì)保障監(jiān)察條例》)
 
 
 
    Article 3 The labour and social security (hereinafter abbreviated as labour security) supervision mentioned in this Regulation refers to the activities of the administrative department for labour security, in supervising and checking, according to law, employing units and labourers ,employment intermediary agencies, and medical facilities of their observation of the laws and regulations on labour security and, in handling, according to law, acts breaching laws and regulations on labour security.
 
 
 
    實(shí)施本法范圍:
 
    第二條 在本市行政區(qū)域內(nèi)從事建設(shè)工程的新建、擴(kuò)建、改建等有關(guān)活動(dòng),以及對(duì)建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量實(shí)施監(jiān)督管理的,必須遵守本規(guī)定。(摘自《天津市建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量管理規(guī)定》)
 
    Article 2  These Regulations apply to the newly-built, expanded and renovated construction projects carried out in this Municipality and the quality control thereof.
 
 
 
    負(fù)責(zé)單位:
 
    第六條 天津經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)管理委員會(huì)(以下簡稱開發(fā)區(qū)管委會(huì))是天津市人民政府(以下簡稱市人民政府)的派出機(jī)構(gòu),代表市人民政府對(duì)開發(fā)區(qū)實(shí)行統(tǒng)一管理。(摘自《天津經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)條例》)
 
    Article 6 The Administrative Committee of the Tianjin Economic―Technological Development Area (hereinafter referred to as TEDAAC) is delegated by the Tianjin Municipal People’s Government (hereinafter referred to as the Municipal People’s Government), and shall exercise a uniform administration of TEDA on behalf of the Municipal People’s Government.
 
 
 
    既然在中文法律文書行文中,開場白的上述內(nèi)容是必不可少的,翻譯起來,也有一些比較固定的譯法,不妨一記。“所稱”……“是指”,有幾種常見的譯法。
 
    一是如上面的譯文所示“mentioned……refers to ”,也可以翻譯成“be referred……shall be”;
 
    “必須遵守本規(guī)定”或者“適用本規(guī)定”,可以一律翻譯成“apply to”,沒不要把前者翻譯成“must abide by”。


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